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# Entwicklungsumgebungen
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# Development Environments
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Für diesen Kurs werden wir die webbasierte Entwicklungsumgebung [Jupyterhub](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Jupyter) verwenden. Sie steht allen Teilnehmerïnnen für die Dauer des Kurses zur Verfügung.
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For this course, we will use the web-based development environment [Jupyterhub](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Jupyter). It is available to all participants for the duration of the course.
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Für langfristiges Arbeiten empfiehlt sich eine eigene Installation.
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For long-term work, a personal installation is recommended.
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## Installation auf eigenem Rechner (Linux/MacOS/MS Windows)
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## Installation on Personal Computer (Linux/MacOS/MS Windows)
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1. Julia mit dem Installations- und Update-Manager **juliaup** installieren: <https://github.com/JuliaLang/juliaup/>
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2. als Editor/IDE **Visual Studio Code** installieren: <https://code.visualstudio.com/>
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3. im VS Code Editor die **Julia language extension** installieren: <https://www.julia-vscode.org/docs/stable/gettingstarted/>
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1. Install Julia with the installation and update manager **juliaup**: <https://github.com/JuliaLang/juliaup/>
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2. Install **Visual Studio Code** as editor/IDE: <https://code.visualstudio.com/>
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3. Install the **Julia language extension** in VS Code: <https://www.julia-vscode.org/docs/stable/gettingStarted/>
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Einstieg:
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Entry point:
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- In VS Code eine neue Datei mit der Endung `.jl` anlegen
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- Julia-Code schreiben
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- `Shift-Enter` oder `Ctrl-Enter` am Ende einer Anweisung oder eines Blocks startet eine Julia-REPL, Code wird in die REPL kopiert und ausgeführt
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- [Tastenbelegungen für VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/getstarted/keybindings#_keyboard-shortcuts-reference)
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und [für Julia in VS Code](https://www.julia-vscode.org/docs/stable/userguide/keybindings/)
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- Create a new file with the extension `.jl` in VS Code
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- Write Julia code
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- `Shift-Enter` or `Ctrl-Enter` at the end of a statement or block starts a Julia-REPL, code is copied to the REPL and executed
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- [Key bindings for VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/getstarted/keybindings#_keyboard-shortcuts-reference)
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and [for Julia in VS Code](https://www.julia-vscode.org/docs/stable/userguide/keybindings/)
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### Die Julia-REPL
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### The Julia-REPL
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Wenn man Julia direkt startet, wird die [Julia-REPL](https://docs.julialang.org/en/v1/stdlib/REPL/) (*read-eval-print* Schleife) gestartet, in der man interaktiv mit Julia arbeiten kann.
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When Julia is started directly, the [Julia-REPL](https://docs.julialang.org/en/v1/stdlib/REPL/) (*read-eval-print* loop) starts, where one can work interactively with Julia.
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```default
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$ julia
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_
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_ _ _(_)_ | Documentation: https://docs.julialang.org
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(_) | (_) (_) |
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_ _ _| |_ __ _ | Type "?" for help, "]?" for Pkg help.
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| | | | | | |/ _` | |
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| | |_| | | | (_| | | Version 1.11.4 (2025-03-10)
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_/ |\__'_|_|_|\__'_| | Official https://julialang.org/ release
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_
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_ _ _(_)_ | Documentation: https://docs.julialang.org
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(_) | (_) (_) |
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_ _ _| |_ __ _ | Type "?" for help, "]?" for Pkg help.
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| | | | | | |/ _` | |
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| | |_| | | | (_| | | Version 1.11.4 (2025-03-10)
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_/ |\__'_|_|_|\__'_| | Official https://julialang.org/ release
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|__/ |
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julia>
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```
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## Arbeiten auf dem [Jupyterhub-Webserver](https://misun103.mathematik.uni-leipzig.de/)
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## Working on the [Jupyterhub Webserver](https://misun103.mathematik.uni-leipzig.de/)
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### Jupyterhub & Jupyter
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- [Jupyterhub](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Jupyter) ist ein Multi-User-Server für Jupyter.
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- Jupyter ist eine web-basierte interaktive Programmierumgebung, die
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- ursprünglich in und für Python geschrieben, inzwischen eine
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Vielzahl von Programmiersprachen nutzen kann.
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- In Jupyter bearbeitet man sogenannte *notebooks*. Das sind strukturiere Textdateien (JSON), erkennbar an der Dateiendung
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`*.ipynb`.
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- [Jupyterhub](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Jupyter) is a multi-user server for Jupyter.
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- Jupyter is a web-based interactive programming environment that
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- was originally written for and in Python, but now supports many programming languages
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- In Jupyter, one works with so-called *notebooks*. These are structured text files (JSON), recognizable by the file extension `*.ipynb`.
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Unser Jupyterhub-Server: <https://misun103.mathematik.uni-leipzig.de/>
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Our Jupyterhub server: <https://misun103.mathematik.uni-leipzig.de/>
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Nach dem Einloggen in Jupyterhub erscheint ein Dateimanager:
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After logging into Jupyterhub, a file manager appears:
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::: {.content-visible when-format="html"}
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:::
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::: {.content-visible when-format="pdf"}
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{width=50%}
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{width=50%}
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:::
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Mit diesem kann man:
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This can be used to:
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- vorhandene *notebooks* öffnen,
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- neue *notebooks* anlegen,
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- Dateien, z.B. *notebooks*, vom lokalen Rechner hochladen,
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- die Sitzung mit `Logout` beenden (bitte nicht vergessen!).
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- open existing *notebooks*,
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- create new *notebooks*,
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- upload files, e.g. *notebooks*, from the local computer,
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- end the session with `Logout` (please don't forget!).
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### Jupyter notebooks
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@@ -82,29 +80,29 @@ Mit diesem kann man:
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:::
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*Notebooks* bestehen aus Zellen. Zellen können
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*Notebooks* consist of cells. Cells can contain
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- Code oder
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- Text/Dokumentation (Markdown)
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- code or
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- text/documentation (Markdown)
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enthalten. In Textzellen kann die Auszeichnungssprache [Markdown](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown) zur Formatierung und LaTeX für mathematische Gleichungen verwendet werden.
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In text cells, the markup language [Markdown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown) can be used for formatting and LaTeX for mathematical equations.
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::: {.callout-tip }
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Bitte die Punkte `User Interface Tour` und `Keyboard Shortcuts` im `Help`-Menü anschauen!
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Please check the `User Interface Tour` and `Keyboard Shortcuts` points in the `Help` menu!
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:::
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Die Zelle, die man gerade bearbeitet, kann im `command mode` oder `edit mode` sein.
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The cell currently being worked on can be in `command mode` or `edit mode`.
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:::{.narrow}
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| | *Command mode* | *Edit mode* |
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|:-------|:---------------:|:-----------:|
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| Mode aktivieren | `ESC` | Doppelklick oder `Enter` in Zelle |
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| neue Zelle | `b` | `Alt-Enter` |
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| Zelle löschen | `dd` | |
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| Notebook speichern | `s` | `Ctrl-s` |
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| Notebook umbenennen | `Menu -> File -> Rename` | `Menu -> File -> Rename` |
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| Notebook schließen | `Menu -> File -> Close & Halt` | `Menu -> File -> Close & Halt` |
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| Activate mode | `ESC` | Double-click or `Enter` in cell |
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| New cell | `b` | `Alt-Enter` |
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| Delete cell | `dd` | |
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| Save notebook | `s` | `Ctrl-s` |
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| Rename notebook | `Menu -> File -> Rename` | `Menu -> File -> Rename` |
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| Close notebook | `Menu -> File -> Close & Halt` | `Menu -> File -> Close & Halt` |
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| *run cell* | `Ctrl-Enter` | `Ctrl-Enter` |
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| *run cell, move to next cell* | `Shift-Enter` | `Shift-Enter` |
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| *run cell, insert new cell below* | `Alt-Enter` | `Alt-Enter` |
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@@ -118,29 +116,27 @@ Die Zelle, die man gerade bearbeitet, kann im `command mode` oder `edit mode` se
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:::
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{width=50%}
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{width=50%}
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:::
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When a cell is "working", its cell number becomes a `*` and
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the `kernel busy` indicator (solid black dot at the top right next to the
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Julia version) appears. If this takes too long (an *infinite loop*
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is quickly programmed), then
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Wenn eine Zelle \"arbeitet\", wird ihre Zellen-Nummer zu einem `*` und
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die `kernel busy`-Anzeige (Voller schwarzer Punkt oben rechts neben der
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Julia-Version) erscheint. Falls das zu lange dauert (ein *infinite loop*
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ist schnell programmiert), dann
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- `Menu -> Kernel -> Interrupt` anklicken; falls das wirkungslos ist,
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- `Menu -> Kernel -> Restart` anklicken.
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- click `Menu -> Kernel -> Interrupt`; if this is ineffective,
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- click `Menu -> Kernel -> Restart`.
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::: {.callout-important }
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Nach einem `kernel restart` müssen alle Zellen, die weiterhin benötigte Definitionen,
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`using`-Anweisungen etc enthalten, wieder ausgeführt werden.
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After a `kernel restart`, all cells containing required definitions,
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`using` statements, etc. must be executed again.
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**Am Ende der Arbeit bitte immer:**
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**At the end of work, please always:**
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- `Menu -> File -> Save & Checkpoint`
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- `Menu -> File -> Close & Halt`
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- `Logout`
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- `Menu -> File -> Save & Checkpoint`
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- `Menu -> File -> Close & Halt`
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- `Logout`
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:::
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