first work on julia engine branch
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17
_extensions/MHellmund/julia-color/_extension.yml
Normal file
17
_extensions/MHellmund/julia-color/_extension.yml
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@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
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title: Julia-color
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author: Meik Hellmund
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version: 1.0.0
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quarto-required: ">=99.9.0"
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contributes:
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formats:
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common:
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filters:
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- "ansi2htmltex.lua"
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html:
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monofont: "JuliaMono"
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css:
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- "resources/css/ansicolor.css"
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- "resources/css/juliamono.css"
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pdf:
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include-in-header:
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- "resources/tex/juliainc.tex"
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@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
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-- this is essentially
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-- based on
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-- https://github.com/jupyter/nbconvert/blob/main/nbconvert/filters/ansi.py
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-- converted to lua
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-- good list of ANSI escape sequences:
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-- https://gist.github.com/fnky/458719343aabd01cfb17a3a4f7296797
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local ANSI_COLORS = {
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"ansi-black",
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@ -60,18 +55,8 @@ local function get_extended_color(numbers)
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return {r, g, b}
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end
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--[=[
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local re = require "re"
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local ANSI = re.compile [[
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'\x1b%[' {.*?} {[@-~]}
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]]
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--]=]
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local function LaTeXconverter(fg, bg, bold, underline, inverse)
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if not (fg or bg or bold or underline or inverse) then
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local function LaTeXconverter(fg, bg, bold, light, italic, underline, inverse)
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if not (fg or bg or bold or light or italic or underline or inverse) then
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return "",""
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end
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@ -116,6 +101,16 @@ local function LaTeXconverter(fg, bg, bold, underline, inverse)
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endtag = "}" .. endtag
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end
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if light then
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starttag = starttag .. [[\textlight{]]
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endtag = "}" .. endtag
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end
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if italic then
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starttag = starttag .. [[\textit{]]
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endtag = "}" .. endtag
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end
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if underline then
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starttag = starttag .. [[\underline{]]
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endtag = "}" .. endtag
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@ -123,8 +118,8 @@ local function LaTeXconverter(fg, bg, bold, underline, inverse)
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return starttag, endtag
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end
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local function HTMLconverter(fg, bg, bold, underline, inverse)
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if not (fg or bg or bold or underline or inverse) then
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local function HTMLconverter(fg, bg, bold, light, italic, underline, inverse)
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if not (fg or bg or bold or light or italic or underline or inverse) then
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return "",""
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end
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local classes = {}
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@ -156,6 +151,14 @@ local function HTMLconverter(fg, bg, bold, underline, inverse)
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table.insert(classes, "ansi-bold")
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end
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if light then
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table.insert(classes, "ansi-light")
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end
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if italic then
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table.insert(classes, "ansi-italic")
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end
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if underline then
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table.insert(classes, "ansi-underline")
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end
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@ -196,7 +199,8 @@ local function codeBlockTrans(e)
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local texenv="OutputCell"
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local codeclass=""
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if string.find(e.text, "\u{a35f}\u{2983}") then
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-- if string.find(e.text, "\u{a35f}\u{2983}") then
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if string.find(e.text, "\x1b%[") then
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texenv = "AnsiOutputCell"
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codeclass = "ansi"
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end
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@ -206,12 +210,18 @@ local function codeBlockTrans(e)
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end
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local out=""
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-- if string.find(e.text, "\x1b%[") then
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if string.find(e.text, "\u{a35f}\u{2983}") then
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local text = e.text
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-- we remove links (eg in julia ParseErrors. THey link to local files, so they are useless anyway)
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text = text:gsub("\x1b%]8;.-\x1b\\", "")
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if string.find(text, "\x1b%[") then
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-- if string.find(text, "\u{a35f}\u{2983}") then
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local bold = false
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local light = false
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local italic = false
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local underline = false
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local inverse = false
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local text = e.text
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local chunk = ""
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local fg = nil
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local bg = nil
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@ -221,8 +231,9 @@ local function codeBlockTrans(e)
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while text ~= "" do
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numbers = {}
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-- local s1, e1, c1, d1 = string.find(text, "\x1b%[(.-)([@-~])")
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local s1, e1, c1, d1 = string.find(text, "\u{a35f}\u{2983}(.-)([@-~])")
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-- [@-~]: matches single char between 64 and 126
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local s1, e1, c1, d1 = string.find(text, "\x1b%[(.-)([@-~])")
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-- local s1, e1, c1, d1 = string.find(text, "\u{a35f}\u{2983}(.-)([@-~])")
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if s1 then
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if d1 == "m" then
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for i in string.gmatch(c1, "([^;]*)") do
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@ -238,9 +249,9 @@ local function codeBlockTrans(e)
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if chunk ~= "" then
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if bold and type(fg)=="number" and fg<8 then
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starttag, endtag = converter(fg+8, bg, bold, underline, inverse)
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starttag, endtag = converter(fg+8, bg, bold, light, italic, underline, inverse)
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else
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starttag, endtag = converter(fg, bg, bold, underline, inverse)
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starttag, endtag = converter(fg, bg, bold, light, italic, underline, inverse)
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end
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out = out .. starttag .. chunk .. endtag
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end
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@ -253,20 +264,26 @@ local function codeBlockTrans(e)
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bold = false
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inverse = false
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underline = false
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elseif n == 1 then
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elseif n == 1 or n == 5 or n == 6 then -- bold and blink
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bold = true
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elseif n == 2 or n == 8 then -- 'dim' and 'hide'
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light = true
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elseif n == 3 then
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italic = true
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elseif n == 4 then
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underline = true
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elseif n == 5 then
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bold = true -- 'blinking'
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elseif n == 7 then
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inverse = true
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elseif n == 21 or n == 22 then
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elseif n == 21 or n == 22 or n == 25 then
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bold = false
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elseif n == 23 then
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italic = false
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elseif n == 24 then
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underline = false
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elseif n == 27 then
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inverse = false
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elseif n == 22 or n == 28 then
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light = false
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elseif n >= 30 and n <= 37 then
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fg = n - 30
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elseif n == 38 then
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@ -290,7 +307,7 @@ local function codeBlockTrans(e)
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end
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end
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else
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out = e.text
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out = text
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end
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if fmt == 'html' then
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return pandoc.RawBlock(fmt,
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@ -324,67 +341,13 @@ local function divCodeBlockNoHeader1(e)
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for i, el in pairs(c) do
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if el.t == 'Header' then
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el.level = 6
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-- elneu = pandoc.Para(el.content)
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-- c[i] = elneu
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end
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if el.t == 'CodeBlock' then
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if el.classes:includes("jldoctest") then
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x,i = el.classes:find("jldoctest")
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el.classes:remove(i)
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end
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end
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end
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return e
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end
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-- test if two divs should be merged
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local function testmerge(d1, d2)
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return d1 and d1.t == "Div" and d1.classes:includes("cell-output") and #d1.content == 1
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and d2 and d2.t == "Div" and d2.classes:includes("cell-output") and #d2.content == 1
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and d1.content[1].t == "CodeBlock" and not d1.classes:includes("cell-output-stderr")
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and d2.content[1].t == "CodeBlock" and not d2.classes:includes("cell-output-stderr")
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end
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-- merge (div (codecell (text1)), div (codecell(text2))) to div(codecell(text1+text2))
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local function blockMerge(es)
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local nl = ""
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for i = #es-1, 1, -1 do
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if testmerge(es[i], es[i+1]) then
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str1 = es[i].content[1].text
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str2 = es[i+1].content[1].text
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nl = "\n"
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if es[i].classes:includes("cell-output-stdout") and es[i+1].classes:includes("cell-output-stdout") then
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if str1:sub(-1) == "\n" then
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nl = ""
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end
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if str2:sub(1, 1) == "\n" then
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nl = ""
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end
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end
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es[i].content[1].text = str1 .. nl .. str2
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es:remove(i+1)
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end
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end
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return es
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end
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local function metaAdd(meta)
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--for key, val in pairs(PANDOC_READER_OPTIONS) do
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-- quarto.log.warning(key, val)
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--end
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quarto.doc.addHtmlDependency({name='ansicolors',
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stylesheets = {'resources/css/ansicolor.css'}})
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quarto.doc.addHtmlDependency({name='juliamonofont',
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stylesheets = {'resources/css/juliamono.css'}})
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if quarto.doc.isFormat('latex') then
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quarto.doc.include_file("in-header", "resources/juliainc.tex")
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end
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end
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return {
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{Div = divStderr},
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{Div = divCodeBlockNoHeader1},
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{Blocks = blockMerge},
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{CodeBlock = codeBlockTrans},
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{Meta = metaAdd}
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}
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@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
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/* CSS added by ANSI escape sequences filter */
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.ansi {
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/* line-height:1.15; */
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overflow:auto;
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}
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@ -46,5 +45,8 @@ pre .ansi-cyan-intense-bg { background-color: #258f8f; }
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pre .ansi-white-intense-bg { background-color: #a1a6b2; }
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pre .ansi-default-inverse-fg { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); }
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pre .ansi-default-inverse-bg { background-color: #111111; }
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pre .ansi-bold { font-weight: bold; }
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pre .ansi-bold { font-weight: 800; }
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pre .ansi-light { font-weight: 300; }
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pre .ansi-italic { font-style: italic; }
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pre .ansi-underline { text-decoration: underline; }
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110
_extensions/MHellmund/julia-color/resources/css/juliamono.css
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110
_extensions/MHellmund/julia-color/resources/css/juliamono.css
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@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 300;
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font-style: normal;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Light.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 400;
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font-style: normal;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Regular.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 500;
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font-style: normal;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Medium.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 600;
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font-style: normal;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-SemiBold.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 700;
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font-style: normal;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Bold.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 800;
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font-style: normal;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-ExtraBold.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 900;
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font-style: normal;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Black.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 300;
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font-style: italic;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-LightItalic.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 400;
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font-style: italic;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-RegularItalic.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 500;
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font-style: italic;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-MediumItalic.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 600;
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font-style: italic;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-SemiBoldItalic.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 700;
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font-style: italic;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-BoldItalic.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 800;
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font-style: italic;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-ExtraBoldItalic.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@font-face {
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font-family: JuliaMono;
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font-weight: 900;
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font-style: italic;
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src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-BlackItalic.woff2") format("woff2");
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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}
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@ -8,9 +8,15 @@
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BoldFont = *-Bold,
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ItalicFont = *-RegularItalic,
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BoldItalicFont = *-BoldItalic,
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FontFace={l}{n}{Font=*-Light},
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FontFace={l}{it}{Font=*-LightItalic},
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Contextuals = AlternateOff,
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]
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\DeclareRobustCommand{\lseries}{\fontseries{l}\selectfont}
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\DeclareTextFontCommand{\textlight}{\lseries}
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\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{OutputCell}{Verbatim}%
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{xleftmargin=1.5em}
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\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{AnsiOutputCell}{Verbatim}%
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@ -35,4 +41,4 @@
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\definecolor{ansi-white}{HTML}{C5C1B4}
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\definecolor{ansi-white-intense}{HTML}{A1A6B2}
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\definecolor{ansi-default-inverse-fg}{HTML}{FFFFFF}
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\definecolor{ansi-default-inverse-bg}{HTML}{000000}
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\definecolor{ansi-default-inverse-bg}{HTML}{000000}
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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
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title: Extensions for Julia
|
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author: Meik Hellmund
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version: 0.3.0
|
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contributes:
|
||||
format:
|
||||
common:
|
||||
filters:
|
||||
- ansi2htmltex.lua
|
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ipynb-filters:
|
||||
- escfilter.py
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pdf:
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default
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html:
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monofont: "JuliaMono"
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@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
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import sys
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f = sys.stdin.read()
|
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g = f.replace('\\u001b[','ꍟ⦃').replace('\\u001b]8;;','').replace('\\u001b\\\\','')
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sys.stdout.write(g)
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|
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@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
|
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@font-face {
|
||||
font-family: JuliaMono;
|
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font-weight: 300;
|
||||
font-style: normal;
|
||||
src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Light.woff2") format("woff2");
|
||||
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@font-face {
|
||||
font-family: JuliaMono;
|
||||
font-weight: 400;
|
||||
font-style: normal;
|
||||
src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Regular.woff2") format("woff2");
|
||||
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@font-face {
|
||||
font-family: JuliaMono;
|
||||
font-weight: 500;
|
||||
font-style: normal;
|
||||
src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Medium.woff2") format("woff2");
|
||||
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@font-face {
|
||||
font-family: JuliaMono;
|
||||
font-weight: 600;
|
||||
font-style: normal;
|
||||
src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-SemiBold.woff2") format("woff2");
|
||||
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@font-face {
|
||||
font-family: JuliaMono;
|
||||
font-weight: 700;
|
||||
font-style: normal;
|
||||
src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Bold.woff2") format("woff2");
|
||||
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@font-face {
|
||||
font-family: JuliaMono;
|
||||
font-weight: 800;
|
||||
font-style: normal;
|
||||
src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-ExtraBold.woff2") format("woff2");
|
||||
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@font-face {
|
||||
font-family: JuliaMono;
|
||||
font-weight: 900;
|
||||
font-style: normal;
|
||||
src: url("../fonts/JuliaMono-Black.woff2") format("woff2");
|
||||
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
|
||||
}
|
||||
Binary file not shown.
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27
_quarto.yml
27
_quarto.yml
@ -42,20 +42,22 @@ book:
|
||||
chapters:
|
||||
- index.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/entwicklungsumgebungen.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/first_contact.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/Erste_Bsp.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/first_contact.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/Erste_Bsp.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/syntax.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/5_TricksHelp.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/numerictypes.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/Pi2.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/types.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/pcomplex.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/9_functs.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/types.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/pcomplex.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/9_functs.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/6_ArraysEtcP1.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/7_ArraysP2.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/11_LinAlg.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/10_Strings.qmd
|
||||
- chapters/14_Plot.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/7_ArraysP2.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/11_LinAlg.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/10_Strings.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/14_Plot.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/13_IO.qmd
|
||||
|
||||
# - chapters/makie.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/ablaufsteuerung.qmd
|
||||
# - chapters/example.qmd
|
||||
@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ book:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
format:
|
||||
julia-html:
|
||||
julia-color-html:
|
||||
theme:
|
||||
light: [cosmo, css/light.scss]
|
||||
dark: [superhero, css/dark.scss]
|
||||
@ -84,9 +86,9 @@ format:
|
||||
body-width: 1150px # 800
|
||||
margin-width: 250px
|
||||
gutter-width: 1.5em
|
||||
cap-location: bottom
|
||||
cap-location: bottom
|
||||
|
||||
julia-pdf:
|
||||
julia-color-pdf:
|
||||
pdf-engine: xelatex
|
||||
papersize: a4
|
||||
documentclass: scrreprt
|
||||
@ -120,6 +122,7 @@ execute:
|
||||
eval: true
|
||||
freeze: auto
|
||||
daemon: 3600
|
||||
preserve-ansi: true
|
||||
|
||||
keep-ipynb: true
|
||||
keep-tex: true
|
||||
|
||||
414
chapters/13_IO.qmd
Normal file
414
chapters/13_IO.qmd
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
|
||||
# Ein- und Ausgabe I/O
|
||||
|
||||
zahlreiche Varianten und Funktionen, das Folgende ist eine kleine Auswahl
|
||||
|
||||
## Konsole
|
||||
|
||||
- OS-abhängig; üblicherweise 3 Kanäle _(streams)_: `stdin, stdout, stderr` (Standardinput, -output, -errorkanal)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
- Schreiben nach `stdout`: `print()`,`println()`,`printstyled()`
|
||||
- Schreiben nach `stderr`: `print(strerr,...)`, `println(stderr,...)`, `printstyled(stderr,...)`
|
||||
- Lesen von `stdin`: `readline()`
|
||||
|
||||
### Umwandeln von Strings in andere Typen:
|
||||
|
||||
- `chomp()` entfernt newline
|
||||
- `split()` zerlegt in "Wörter"
|
||||
- `parse()` wandelt in andere Typen um
|
||||
|
||||
### Buffer
|
||||
|
||||
- `write`-Zugriffe werden gebuffert.
|
||||
|
||||
- `flush(stdout)` leert Buffer
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
# aus dem ersten Beispielprogramm
|
||||
|
||||
function input(prompt = "Eingabe:")
|
||||
println(prompt)
|
||||
flush(stdout)
|
||||
return chomp(readline())
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
a = input("Bitte 2 Zahlen eingeben!")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
av = split(a)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
parse.(Int, av)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```{julia}
|
||||
# Ausgaben auf den Fehlerkanal stderr erscheinen im Jupyter in rot:
|
||||
@warn "Das @warn-Macro schreibt nach stderr."
|
||||
println("Hallo!")
|
||||
println(stderr, "Das sollte nicht passieren!")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Einzelne Tastenanschläge einlesen
|
||||
|
||||
- `readline()` u.ä. warten auf den Abschluss der Eingabe durch Drücken der `Enter`-Taste.
|
||||
- Zum Einlesen einzelner _keystrokes_:
|
||||
|
||||
- [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56888266/how-to-read-keyboard-inputs-at-every-keystroke-in-julia](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56888266/how-to-read-keyboard-inputs-at-every-keystroke-in-julia)
|
||||
- [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60954235/how-can-i-test-whether-stdin-has-input-available-in-julia](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60954235/how-can-i-test-whether-stdin-has-input-available-in-julia)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Formatierte Ausgabe mit dem `Printf`-Paket
|
||||
|
||||
Die Macros `@sprintf` und `@printf` sind den gleichnamigen C-Funktionen nachempfunden
|
||||
|
||||
- Formatstring: Normaler String mit Platzhaltern
|
||||
- Platzhalter haben die Form
|
||||
```
|
||||
%[flags][width][.precision]type
|
||||
```
|
||||
(wobei die Angaben in eckigen Klammern alle optional sind)
|
||||
- Typen:
|
||||
```
|
||||
%s string
|
||||
%i integer
|
||||
%o integer octal (base=8)
|
||||
%x, %X integer hexadecimal (base=16) with digits 0-9abcdef or 0-9ABCDEF, resp.
|
||||
%f floatong point number
|
||||
%e floating point number, scientific representation
|
||||
%g floating point, uses %f or %e depending on value
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
- Flags:
|
||||
```
|
||||
Pluszeichen: rechtsbündig (Standard)
|
||||
Minuszeichen: linksbündig
|
||||
Null: mit führenden Nullen
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
- Width:
|
||||
```
|
||||
Anzahl der minimal verwendeten Zeichen (wenn nötig, werden auch mehr genommen)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Zeit für Beispiele:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
using Printf # Paket laden nicht vergessen!
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf("|%s|", "Hallo") # string mit Platzhalter für String
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf("|%10s|", "Hallo") # Minimallänge, rechtsbündig
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf("|%-10s|", "Hallo") # linksbündig
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf("|%3s|", "Hallo") # Längenangabe kann überschritten werden
|
||||
# besser eine 'kaputt formatierte' Tabelle als falsche Werte!!
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
j = 123
|
||||
k = 90019001
|
||||
l = 3342678
|
||||
|
||||
@printf("j= %012i, k= %-12i, l = %12i", j, k, l) # 0-Flag für führende Nullen
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
`@printf` und `@sprintf` können wie alle Macros wie Funktionen aufgerufen werden:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf("%i %i", 22, j)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
-- oder wie Macros, also ohne Funktionsklammern und ohne Komma:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf "%i %i" 22 j
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
`@printf` kann als erstes Argument noch einen stream übergeben bekommen.
|
||||
|
||||
Ansonsten besteht die Argumentliste aus
|
||||
|
||||
- Formatstring mit Platzhaltern
|
||||
- Variablen in der Reihenfolge der Platzhalter, in Anzahl und Typ zu den Platzhaltern passend
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```{julia}
|
||||
@printf(stderr, "Erstes Resultat: %i %s\nZweites Resultat %i",
|
||||
j, "(geschätzt)" ,k)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
`@sprintf` druckt nichts, sondern liefert den ausgefüllten formatierten String zurück:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
str = @sprintf("x = %10.6f", π );
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
str
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
##### Formatierung der Gleitkommazahlen:
|
||||
|
||||
Bedeutung des _Precision_-Wertes:
|
||||
|
||||
- `%f` und `%e`-Format: max. Anzahl der Nachkommastellen
|
||||
- `%g`-Format: max. Anzahl von ausgegebenen Ziffern (Vor- + Nachkommastellen)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
x = 123456.7890123456
|
||||
|
||||
@printf("%20.4f %20.4e", x, x) # 4 Nachkommastellen
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf("%20.7f %20.7e", x, x) # 7 Nachkommastellen
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf("%20.7g %20.4g", x, x) # insgesamt 7 bzw. 4 Stellen
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Dateioperationen
|
||||
|
||||
Dateien werden
|
||||
|
||||
- geöffnet ==> Dabei ensteht ein neues _stream_-Objekt (zusätzlich zu `stdin, stdout, stderr`)
|
||||
- dann kann dieser _stream_ gelesen und geschrieben werden
|
||||
- geschlossen ==> _stream_-Objekt wird von Datei getrennt
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
stream = open(path, mode)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
- path: Dateiname/pfad
|
||||
- mode:
|
||||
```
|
||||
"r" read, öffnet am Dateianfang
|
||||
"w" write, öffnet am Dateianfang (Datei wird neu angelegt oder überschrieben)
|
||||
"a" append, öffnet zum Weiterschreiben am Dateiende
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
f = open("datei.txt", "w")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@printf(f, "%20i\n", k)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
println(f, " zweite Zeile")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
close(f)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
;cat datei.txt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
f = open("datei.txt", "r")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
n = 0
|
||||
for i in readlines(f) # Lese zeilenweise
|
||||
n += 1
|
||||
println(n, i) # Drucke mit Zeilennummer
|
||||
end
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Pakete für Dateiformate
|
||||
|
||||
Pakete für die Ein- und Ausgabe in den verschiedensten Dateiformaten
|
||||
|
||||
- [PrettyTables.jl](https://ronisbr.github.io/PrettyTables.jl/stable/) Ausgabe von formatierten Tabellen
|
||||
- [DelimitedFiles.jl](https://docs.julialang.org/en/v1/stdlib/DelimitedFiles/) Ein- und Ausgabe von Matrizen u.ä.
|
||||
- [CSV.jl](https://csv.juliadata.org/stable/) Ein- und Ausgabe von Dateien mit "comma-delimited values" u.ä.
|
||||
- [XLSX.jl](https://felipenoris.github.io/XLSX.jl/stable/tutorial/) Ein- und Ausgabe von Excel-Dateien
|
||||
|
||||
und viele andere mehr...
|
||||
|
||||
### Delimited Files
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
using DelimitedFiles
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
A = rand(200,3)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
f = open("data2.txt", "w")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
writedlm(f, A)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
close(f)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
;head data2.txt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
B = readdlm("data2.txt")
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
# man kann open() auch als 1.Argument eine function(iostream) übergeben, die auf den stream
|
||||
# angewendet wird, wonach der stream automatisch geschlosssen wird.
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Mit der do-Notation sieht obiger code so aus:
|
||||
|
||||
open("data2.txt", "w") do io
|
||||
writedlm(io, A)
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### CSV und DataFrames
|
||||
|
||||
- [DataFrames.jl](https://dataframes.juliadata.org/stable/) ist ein Paket zum bequemen Umgang mit tabellarischen Daten
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
using CSV, DataFrames, Downloads
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
# Wetterdaten von Westerland, s. https://dev.meteostat.net/bulk/hourly.html
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
url = "https://bulk.meteostat.net/v2/hourly/10018.csv.gz"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
http_response = Downloads.download(url)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
file = CSV.File(http_response, header=false)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
# https://dev.meteostat.net/bulk/hourly.html#endpoints
|
||||
|
||||
# Spalte 1 Datum
|
||||
# 2 Uhrzeit (Stunde)
|
||||
# 3 Temp
|
||||
# 5 Luftfeuchtigkeit
|
||||
# 6 Niederschlag
|
||||
# 8 Windrichtung
|
||||
# 9 Windstärke
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
df = DataFrame(file)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
describe(df)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
using StatsPlots
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
using Dates
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
# neue Spalte mit Sp.1 und 2 (date & time) kombiniert
|
||||
|
||||
df[!, :datetime] = DateTime.(df.Column1) .+ Hour.(df.Column2);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
describe(df)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@df df plot(:datetime, :Column3)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
@df df plot(:datetime, [:Column9, :Column6, :Column3],
|
||||
xlims = (DateTime(2022,1,1), DateTime(2022,7,1)),
|
||||
layout=(3,1), title=["Wind" "Regen" "Temp"], legend=:none)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
|
||||
# Container
|
||||
---
|
||||
engine: julia
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Container
|
||||
|
||||
Julia bietet eine große Auswahl von Containertypen mit weitgehend ähnlichem Interface an.
|
||||
Wir stellen hier `Tuple`, `Range` und `Dict` vor, im nächsten Kapitel dann `Array`, `Vector` und `Matrix`.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,18 +1,11 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
format:
|
||||
html:
|
||||
include-in-header:
|
||||
text: |
|
||||
<script type="application/javascript">
|
||||
window.PlotlyConfig = {MathJaxConfig: 'local'}
|
||||
</script>
|
||||
engine: julia
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Ein Beispiel zur Stabilität von Gleitkommaarithmetik
|
||||
|
||||
## Berechnung von $\pi$ nach Archimedes
|
||||
|
||||
```{julia}
|
||||
```julia
|
||||
#| error: false
|
||||
#| echo: false
|
||||
#| output: false
|
||||
@ -24,44 +17,25 @@ using Base64
|
||||
|
||||
## see https://github.com/JuliaPlots/PlotlyJS.jl/blob/master/src/PlotlyJS.jl
|
||||
## https://discourse.julialang.org/t/encode-a-plot-to-base64/27765/3
|
||||
function IJulia.display_dict(p::PlotlyJS.SyncPlot)
|
||||
Dict(
|
||||
# "application/vnd.plotly.v1+json" => JSON.lower(p),
|
||||
# "text/plain" => sprint(show, "text/plain", p),
|
||||
"text/html" => let
|
||||
buf = IOBuffer()
|
||||
show(buf, MIME("text/html"), p)
|
||||
#close(buf)
|
||||
#String(resize!(buf.data, buf.size))
|
||||
String(take!(buf))
|
||||
end,
|
||||
"image/png" => let
|
||||
buf = IOBuffer()
|
||||
buf64 = Base64EncodePipe(buf)
|
||||
show(buf64, MIME("image/png"), p)
|
||||
close(buf64)
|
||||
#String(resize!(buf.data, buf.size))
|
||||
String(take!(buf))
|
||||
end,
|
||||
|
||||
)
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
function Base.show(io::IO, mimetype::MIME"text/html", p::PlotlyJS.SyncPlot)
|
||||
uuid = string(UUIDs.uuid4())
|
||||
show(io,mimetype,@htl("""
|
||||
<div style="height: auto" id=\"$(uuid)\"></div>
|
||||
<script>
|
||||
require(['../js/plotly-latest.min.js'], function(plotly) {
|
||||
function Base.show(io::IO, mimetype::MIME"text/html", p::PlotlyJS.SyncPlot)
|
||||
uuid = string(UUIDs.uuid4())
|
||||
show(io,mimetype,@htl("""
|
||||
<div style="height: auto" id=\"$(uuid)\"></div>
|
||||
<script>
|
||||
require(['../js/plotly-latest.min.js'], function(plotly) {
|
||||
plotly.newPlot($(uuid),
|
||||
$(HypertextLiteral.JavaScript(json(p.plot.data))),
|
||||
$(HypertextLiteral.JavaScript(json(p.plot.layout))),{responsive: true});
|
||||
});
|
||||
</script>
|
||||
"""))
|
||||
"""))
|
||||
end
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Berechnung von $\pi$ nach Archimedes
|
||||
|
||||
Eine untere Schranke für $2\pi$, den Umfang des Einheitskreises, erhält man durch die
|
||||
Summe der Seitenlängen eines dem Einheitskreis eingeschriebenen regelmäßigen $n$-Ecks.
|
||||
Die Abbildung links zeigt, wie man beginnend mit einem Viereck der Seitenlänge $s_4=\sqrt{2}$ die Eckenzahl iterativ verdoppelt.
|
||||
@ -165,8 +139,7 @@ layout = Layout(xaxis_title="Iterationsschritte", yaxis_title="rel. Fehler",
|
||||
plot([scatter(x=is, y=ϵ_A, mode="markers+lines", name="Iteration A", yscale=:log10),
|
||||
scatter(x=is, y=ϵ_B, mode="markers+lines", name="Iteration B", yscale=:log10)],
|
||||
layout)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
engine: julia
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Maschinenzahlen
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```{julia}
|
||||
for x ∈ ( 3, 3.3e4, Int16(20), Float32(3.3e4), UInt16(9) )
|
||||
@show x sizeof(x) typeof(x)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
engine: julia
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Grundlagen der Syntax
|
||||
|
||||
@ -52,6 +54,7 @@ x = log(10)
|
||||
- Im interaktiven Betrieb (REPL oder Notebook) unterdrückt ein Semikolon nach der letzten Anweisung die Ausgabe des Ergebnisses dieser Anweisung.
|
||||
|
||||
:::{.callout-tip}
|
||||
|
||||
## Beispiel
|
||||
|
||||
Im interaktiven Betrieb wird der Wert der letzten Anweisung auch ohne explizites `print()` ausgegeben:
|
||||
|
||||
14
index.qmd
14
index.qmd
@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
engine: julia
|
||||
---
|
||||
# Was ist Julia? {.unnumbered}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -5,6 +8,16 @@ Julia ist eine noch recht junge für *scientific computing* konzipierte moderne
|
||||
|
||||
Ein kleines Codebeispiel:
|
||||
|
||||
```{julia}
|
||||
#| error: false
|
||||
#| echo: false
|
||||
#| output: false
|
||||
|
||||
using CairoMakie
|
||||
CairoMakie.activate!(type = "png")
|
||||
set_theme!(size=(800, 180))
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```{julia}
|
||||
using CairoMakie
|
||||
a = [3, 7, 5, 3]
|
||||
@ -20,7 +33,6 @@ end
|
||||
f
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Geschichte {.unnumbered}
|
||||
|
||||
- 2009 Beginn der Entwicklung am *Computer Science and Artificial
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user